Shigar da proxy na URL a Emacs 31.1: auth-source da iyakokin CONNECT

Adireshin proxy yana gaya wa Emacs inda zai haɗa. Shigarsa wani ɓangare ne na tattaunawar. Don buƙatar HTTP ta yau da kullun, ɗakin karatu na URL na Emacs na iya amsa ƙalubalen tabbaci na proxy, samun bayanan shiga daga auth-source ko tambaya kai tsaye, da sake amfani da bayanan da aka riƙe a zaman.

Bayanan da ke ƙasa sun bi Emacs 31.1. Sun shafi ayyukan da ke amfani da ɗakin karatu na URL; mai saukarwa na waje da fakitin Emacs ya ƙaddamar yana da hanyar tabbaci ta kansa.

Saita hanya, sannan bar HTTP ya nemi shiga

Za a iya zaɓar ƙayyadadden ƙarshen proxy da zaɓin da aka rubuta:

(setq url-proxy-services
      '(("http" . "proxy.example:8080")
        ("https" . "proxy.example:8080")))

Maye gurbin mai riƙe wuri da ƙarshen da aka bayar. Maɓallan suna bayanin tsarin URL na manufa. Ƙara shigarwar HTTPS yana zaɓar hanya don manufofin HTTPS; shi kansa ba ya bayar da bayanan shiga.

A yayin buƙatar HTTP ta yau da kullun, proxy na iya amsawa da 407 Proxy Authentication Required da ƙalubalen Proxy-Authenticate. Ɗakin karatu na URL yana zaɓar tsarin tabbaci da ake goyon baya kuma yana samun bayanan shiga don ƙarshen proxy. Sannan ya sake gwadawa da Proxy-Authorization.

Don tabbacin Basic, buƙata ta kai tsaye na iya neman sunan mai amfani da kalmar sirri lokacin da babu isassun bayanan shiga. Buƙatar da aka yi wa alama a matsayin marar kai tsaye ba za ta iya dogara da waɗannan tambayoyin ba. Shigar da proxy kuma ya bambanta da shigar da gidan yanar gizon manufa: ƙalubalen 401 na gidan yanar gizo yana bin wata hanya dabam.

Sanya bayanan shiga na dindindin a auth-source

Idan auth-source ya riga ya karanta fayil ɗin bayanan shiga da aka ɓoye kamar ~/.authinfo.gpg, shigarwar Basic don wannan misali tana da siffa mai zuwa:

machine proxy.example port http login YOUR_LOGIN password YOUR_PASSWORD

Yi amfani da ainihin asusunka da sirrinka, kuma tabbatar fayil ɗin yana cikin auth-sources da ka saita. Layin yana nuna filayen da suka dace; ba umarni ba ne don sanya kalmar sirri a fayil ɗin fara Lisp ɗinka.

Abubuwa biyu suna da muhimmanci a aiwatar da Basic na Emacs 31.1. Yana neman sunan mai watsa shiri na proxy ba tare da lambar TCP ba, kuma yana ba da tsarin URL na proxy a matsayin ƙimar tashar auth-source. Don wannan HTTP proxy, wannan ƙimar ita ce http, ko da yake haɗin TCP yana amfani da tashar 8080.

Wannan binciken ba ya haɗa da realm na ƙalubalen ko lambar tashar proxy. Kada ka yi tsammanin zai zaɓi kalmar sirri na Basic dabam don realm da yawa ko tashoshin proxy a kan sunan mai watsa shiri ɗaya. Digest yana amfani da wani binciken mai watsa shiri, don haka misalin da ke sama na Basic ne musamman.

Ɗakin karatu na URL kuma yana riƙe da ajiyarsa ta tabbaci. Shigarwar Basic ɗinsa suna bambance ƙarshen proxy kuma suna amfani da daidaiton realm ko jagora a cikin ƙarshen; wannan ajiyar ta bambanta da binciken auth-source. Rubuta kalmar sirri a tambaya na iya cika ajiyar zaman ba tare da adana sabuwar shigarwa a fayil ɗin bayanan shiga na dindindin ba.

HTTPS yana da matakin tabbaci da ya gabata

Don manufar HTTPS ta hanyar HTTP proxy, Emacs na fara aika CONNECT. Don haka ana iya buƙatar tabbaci kafin ya isa haɗin da aka ɓoye da gidan yanar gizon.

A Emacs 31.1, mai gina buƙatar CONNECT yana duba tabbacin da aka riga ya samu ta hanyar injin tabbacinsa, gami da bayanan Basic da aka adana. Hanyarsa ta Basic ba ta tambaya ba kuma ba ta ɗauko sabuwar shigarwa ta auth-source a wannan lokacin. Amsar CONNECT da ba 200 ba ita ma ba ta shiga cikin mai kula da ƙalubalen HTTP 407 na yau da kullun da aka bayyana a sama ba.

Saboda haka, shigarwar auth-source da za ta iya amsa ƙalubalen HTTP Basic na yau da kullun ba ta ba da tabbacin cewa buƙatar HTTPS ta farko na sabon zaman za ta tabbata cikin nasara ba. Zaman da ke da isassun bayanan da aka adana yana da wata matsayin farawa dabam. Gyara shigarwar kalmar sirri ɗaya akai-akai ba zai iya kawar da wannan bambanci tsakanin hanyoyin biyu da kansa ba.

Idan aikin HTTPS ya tsaya a proxy, gano ko CONNECT ya sami 407 kuma ko kana amfani da halin wannan fitowar. Tabbatar da tsarin tabbacin da proxy ke bayarwa kuma. Shigarwar bayanan Basic ba ita ce mai daidaitawa ta duniya don kowane tsarin tabbaci na kamfani ba.

Riƙe saitin dindindin a zaɓin proxy na jama'a da kuma tushen bayanan shiga da ka zaɓa. Ajiyar Basic ta ciki ta ɗakin karatu na URL tana da amfani don fahimtar wannan hali, amma cika wannan tsarin bayanai na sirri da hannu zai ɗaure saitin da cikakkun bayanan aiwatarwa.